Training in psychotherapy
Training in psychotherapy
The whole curriculum for download (pdf) – click here
- Persons possessing (or in a currant study of) a master’s or doctoral degree in clinical or counselling psychology, social work, medicine, or a related field
- doctors, psychologists, teachers, theologians
- persons with other backgrounds after further inquiry
Duration
- 5-6 years
- of which 4 years are course work and self-experience
- and approximately 2 years of supervision
Topics
- theory of existence
- existential motivations in theory and practice
- ethics
- clinical theory (psychopathology, aetiology) diagnostics
- methods and techniques
- practical training
- group and individual self-experience
- supervision
Cost
In Canada CND $ 150 (students:110) per day for the seminars
In London: Per module (4,5 days) £ 695
plus individual self-experience and supervision:
For the Basic Counselling Diploma: 45 days seminars in 2 ½ years, plus min. 30 hours individual self-experience, plus 100 hours supervision
For the Full Existential Psychotherapy Diploma: 74 days seminars, plus min. 50 hours individual self-experience, plus min. 150 hours supervision
Diploma
- in psychotherapy and counselling
- recognised in Austria according to the legislation on psychotherapy,
- recognised in Switzerland by the Berne health authorities as major
- approach in psychotherapy, as well as by the Swiss Charta Organization for Psychotherapy
- in the Czech Republic recognised by the federation of psychotherapists;
- in Romania recognised by the Ministry of Education
- inquiries to bring it into an APA or Ph.D. program in the future
Curriculum for training in psychotherapy
What is „existential analysis“ (and „logotherapy“)?
Short description
Grounded originally in the anthropological concepts of Viktor Frankl, today its main theoretical conceptualization consists of a more practically and methodologically applicable anthropology.
This assumes that the person is moved in his/her life by four fundamental motivations, the first of which is his need to be able to accept the basic conditions of his life, the second comprising the need to feel values and to have relationships, the third the quest to find one’s identity and the fourth to achieve something meaningful in the world. The theoretical concepts of these fundamental motivations provide the necessary framework to situate and treat all kinds of psychological problems.
This concept is unique to the approach taught by the GLE-International.
A little more extensive description
Existential analysis was conceived by Viktor E. Frankl in the 1930s as an anthropological theory of an existential school of psychotherapy. At the same time Frankl developed “Logotherapy” as a meaning-oriented form of counseling and treatment.
Existential analysis means an analysis of the conditions necessary for a life in which values have their place and that is self-shaped and dignified.
The aim of existential analysis is to develop one’s perceptiveness and individual activity (capability for devotion) in one’s experiences, relations and actions. This means that existential analysis deals with the personal conditions prerequisite for a meaningful existence in cases where these are blocked by psychological illnesses or troubles.
Existential Analysis can be defined as a phenomenological and person-oriented psychotherapy, with the aim of guiding a person to a free experience of his or her mental and emotional life, to make authentic decisions and to discover a truly responsible way of dealing with life and the world.
Its theoretical and practical basis is the concept of the fundamental motivations (Längle) which are systematically referred to in counseling and therapy as the “building blocks of existence”. In addition, the method of “Personal Existential Analysis” is used in therapy. This represents an existential and phenomenological method of psychotherapy which makes it possible to treat psychogenetic (particularly neurotic) troubles with existential analysis as a depth psychology. This form of existential analysis was developed in the GLE and is exclusively taught there.
The concepts of the GLE constitute an elaboration of Frankl’s approach and, in particular, include work on emotions and biography. This is especially important since the existential analytical and logotherapeutical anthropology sees humans as beings who constantly shape their lives with conscious or unconscious decisions. But decisions can only be taken in a meaningful way, if the values in question are sensed, experienced and weighed against each other. This act requires perceptiveness as far as the world around is concerned instead of self-absorption. Furthermore, this is only possible if one has access to one’ s emotions which bring a person in touch with his or her values.
Existential analysis does not see a person as the mere result of inner psychological processes or of the influences of his environment, but as someone who can shape him/herself in those things that count in life. Therefore notions like being (existence), relation (values), freedom of decision, responsibility (conscience) form the fundamental concepts of the existential analytical way of thinking and they all lead to the idea of “meaning” (= logos).
The practical application of logotherapy as a meaning-oriented form of counseling and treatment consists primarily in assisting people who are not (yet) ill, but who suffer from a sense of loss of existential orientation. Thus logotherapy is widely applicable in psychological, psychohygienic, social, preventive, caring, educational and pastoral fields. It contributes to the prophylaxis of neuroses and to the prevention and treatment of feelings of meaninglessness and emptiness (“existential vacuum”).
Its aim is to enhance the individual experience of meaning by leading to a freely chosen responsibility (“individual responsibility”).
Existential analysis and logotherapy consist of roughly a dozen specific methods and techniques to realize this conception.
Admission requirements
Persons possessing a master’s or doctoral degree in clinical or counseling psychology, social work, medicine, or a related field are encouraged to apply for admission to the full training program.
For the counseling diploma teachers, theologians and persons with other professional backgrounds are encouraged to apply. A personal interview is required for all applicants.
Admission procedure
a) Formal criteria
Successful completion of
- an application interview
- a two day self-awareness seminar
b) Content criteria
These criteria serve the GLE as a basis for the decision concerning entrance permission or rejection of the candidate:
- a well-founded and reasoned interest in psychotherapeutic work;
- a demonstrable interest in the existential method of psychotherapy; interest in an existential understanding of the human being; previous knowledge of EA (LT);
- a personality which is free from any hindering or disturbing psychological illness, a personality which is able to cope with the pressures of a training course which takes several years and includes self awareness and subsequently working with psychologically ill people;
- the ability for sufficient critical reflection, flexibility in dialogue, empathy for the discussion partner and a feeling for one’s own motivation (preliminary stage to the basic phenomenological position), openness to emotionality, ability to see reason, self critical distance to one’s own beliefs and values;
- the personality should be sufficiently developed and mature in order to cope with burdening, critical and painful situations, “mature” means to be aware of one’s own emotions and able to bear them;
- ability and willingness to deal with life in a creative manner without regressive or aggressive fixation
- experiences which brought insight into the depths of human existence and resulted in healthy coping strategies
The participation in the training course occurs at one’s own risk. Claims for the improvement of one’s own psychological, psychosomatic or somatic state or the worsening of one’s own psychic, psychosomatic or somatic state will not be acknowledged by GLE-International, the ISEAP or by the individual instructors. The responsibility for these states rests with the trainee.
Structure and duration of the seminars
The courses are divided into two parts:
a) This Basic Training Program consists of 7 seminar blocks of 6 consecutive days each (42 + 2 admission days) over 2 years leading to the Basic Existential Counseling Diploma. Instruction topics include the theory of personhood, the theory of existence, existential motivations in theory and practice, some general methods and group-self-experience.
b) Training for the Full Existential Psychotherapy Diploma continues for almost 2 more years (6 blocks of 6 days each) with further seminars on clinical theory (psychopathology, etiology), practice, methods, practical training and group self-experience.
Additional Elements of the Training
In addition to the seminars both diplomas require:
a) One individual admissions interview and 2 admission days at the beginning of the group
b) Self reflection (or self experience) in individual sessions: min. 30 hours for the Basic Existential Counseling Diploma, min. 50 hours for Full Existential Psychotherapy Diploma
c) Supervision: Basic Counseling Diploma at least 100 hours (in groups); Full Existential Psychotherapy Diploma at least 150 hours (in groups mostly)
d) Practical work: for the counseling diploma at least 200 hours own practical work; for Full Existential Psychotherapy Diploma a practicum of 500 hours (e.g. as a guest in a psychiatric clinic) and at least 600 hours of own practice (in public or private locations).
e) A written theoretical or practical paper project of at least 20 (Basic Counseling Diploma) or 30 pages (Full Existential Psychotherapy Diploma).
Division of hours concerning content (minimum hours)
Admission | 17 hrs. |
Theory | 470 hrs. |
(Theory 360 hrs. + further training 60 hrs. + diploma work 50 hrs. Group self reflection 245 hrs.) | |
Individual self reflection 50 hrs. | 295 hrs. |
Practicum | 550 hrs. |
Supervision of Practicum | 30 hrs. |
Psychotherapeutic work | 600 hrs. |
Supervision of psychotherapeutic work | 150 hrs. |
2,112 hrs. |
OVERVIEW OF THE TRAINING COURSE
Training objectives
The transmission of content is parallel to the development of self awareness in personality and the understanding of existence.
The development of personality has three main points:
- the ability for personal inner dialogue (self distance and detection of primary emotionality) and being able to spread it outwardly (trust, self transcendence).
- the improvement of personal integration skills: acquiring the ability to set the outbreak of emotionality in relation to one’s own substance of life and one’s own positions. A fluid transmission from impressions to a position and expression. Realizing, understanding and possibly correcting conscious or unconscious personal positions and behavioral patterns.
- learning the phenomenological basic positions and training the perception of one’s own or someone else’s emotionality, motivation, values and fixation of behaviour.
The goal of personal understanding of existence, besides personality development, is to comprehend the process and possibilities of biographic existence.
The practical relevance of the basic training for the profession is in the area of prevention, providing help in life, intervention in crises, psychotherapeutic support and problems of motivation.
In terms of content the second part of the training, the clinical part, has the objective of transmitting an understanding of diagnosis, psychogenesis, psychopathology and phenomenology of clinical disturbances, nosology and individual therapeutic pictures.
In the area of self awareness this part also deals with detection, realization and working with the relevant parts, using the clinical pictures, of their phenomenology and psychodynamics.
The self awareness and the reflection on distortions, as they come to light in the clinical pictures, should lead to a deeper understanding of anthropological and existential basic concepts from an existential analytical point of view.
The third part (supervisional part) deals with the grounding of one’s own work and the personal adaptation of the existential analysis. This part is not so much concerned with learning new ideas but with the training and consolidation through interaction and feedback. The participation in scientific events of the GLE is supposed to generate familiarity with new developments. The active participation in these developments should also be stimulated.
Methods of training
Conversations in large and a small group settings, individual talks with the instructors and supervisors of the practical work, as well as constant lectures on the subject literature and their discussion are the means by which the interaction in the training takes place. The training for the psychotherapeutic dealings takes place in via group processes and through the forms of interaction mentioned above, as well as role playing, therapy vignettes and illustration of cases.
The entire duration of training is accompanied by individual conversations. These talks serve as a means to reach basic existential, biographic questions, as well as the reappraisal of personal applications of the seminar contents and group processes. They also serve as a reappraisal of the resulting questions and problems (existential self awareness), as well as the review of issues which are not fitting for the group situation.
Training regulations
1. Mandatory attendance
In order to graduate, the regular, active participation in all training events is mandatory. Should a participant miss more than two single days in a training year, s/he must make up for the unattended units in other courses.
2. The completion of the first part
It is necessary to take two written exams which take several hours on the basic concepts of existential analysis (and logotherapy), in order to complete the first part of the training (criteria for success: at least 85% of the questions; repetitions are possible but have a fee). The participants receive a confirmation of the successful participation in the basic course.
3. The second part
After the successful completion of the basic training and a minimum of 30 hours of individual experience the instructors will grant the permission for existential analytical consultation or treatment of existential and motivational problems under supervision. At the end of the second part it is necessary to take a several hour long, written exam on the clinical and methodological areas using case examples (“practical exam”) (criteria for success: at least 85% of the questions and 75% of the cases must be correct).
4. Practicum (only for full training program)
The practicum can be completed in all psychosocial organizations in the form of honorary or paid work (employment). The objective is to receive personal experience in the direct dealing with psychologically ill people. The supervision of the practicum (30 hours) can be done by the authorized teachers of the GLE and should be subject specific, if possible. The participation in team supervision can also be credited for this purpose.
5. The third part: “Therapeutic supervision stage”
The supervision takes place in small groups (of approximately 7 persons) and in individual meetings. To complete the (clinical) supervision stage the following requirements have to be met:
a) a successfully completed practicum
b) successful completion of the 2nd training part (exam);
c) continuous, individual self experience with confirmation of the authorization to practice therapy under supervision.
For the successful completion of the supervision a minimum of 150 hours of individual and group supervision must be completed in addition to the formal criteria:
* the multiple supervision of 5 therapy proceedings (at least 5 times, average of 7 times and a final supervision);
* 5 supervisions of themes
The therapy proceedings are to be prepared in a written form for every supervision and summed up and handed in at the end. The writings are to include a summary of the therapy proceedings, the supervision, the diagnosis, (DSM IV), the psychopathology and a critical reflection of the proceedings.
The supervision of themes concern the setting, the therapeutic relationship, the leading of the dialogue, the beginning/ending/termination of therapy, overview of therapy, critical situations during therapy, application of methods, techniques, diagnosis and psychopathology.
The individual supervisions are to be attested by the supervisor in the study book. For the successful completion of the supervision stage the following content criteria are demanded. They will be discussed with the training team at the end of the training and must be confirmed by the supervisors.
- ability to develop and reflect on the therapeutic relationship;
- existential, clinical and psychopathological diagnosis;
- Knowledge and experience of specific diagnoses and specific personality psychotherapy
- ability to conduct and follow through with therapeutic events
- realizing and dealing appropriately with one’s own limitations and competences as well as the competence to transfer
The supervision stage may not exceed 7 years, in order to guarantee that the practice is completed in a realistic connection to theory/self experience. If an interruption due to serious reasons is necessary, the participant must settle the necessary requirements for the transition time with the instructors.
6. Self experience (a total minimum of 295 hours)
On the one hand, self experience occurs during the seminars as existential group self experience (approximately 245 hours) in the large and the small group. On the other hand, it also occurs as an accompanied individual self experience (minimum of 50 hours). Continuous individual conversations with an instructor who is authorized by the GLE are required. In the beginning these talks can be done with various instructors. The advantage to this is that the student gets to know various styles of conversation. The main part of the conversations is to be completed with an instructor who decides when the objectives of the individual self experience have been obtained. S/he has the duty to attest the individual conversations in the study book.
In order to successfully complete the group self experience the student must reflect and describe his/her own personality development in the group at the end of the seminar. The group and the instructor will comment on this reflection. During this process the development of the individual’s personality and a flexible and comprehensible way of dealing with himself and the group should become evident. Otherwise the student is required to visit other self experience groups or the amount of hours in individual self experience will be raised.
The main criteria for the completion of the individual self experience is a free and careful dealing with the self, which consists of a critical self distance and good self acceptance. The work in the following areas leads to these characteristics:
- self awareness of emotionality, behaviour and effects
- the work in critical areas, problem areas and behavioural patterns;
- self assessment of abilities and limitations;
- reflexive relevance of training themes concerning one’s own life: basic motivations, judgment of values, meaning, death, fear, depression, hysteria, basic variable of the therapeutic relationship;
- completion of the conversations through reviewing, working with ongoing themes, reflecting one the relationship to the instructor
7. Final paper
In order to receive the diploma, a final, 30 page (1.5 spacing) paper is required. The student is free to choose the topic, but it must be cleared with the instructors. The topic can be theoretical, practical or both. The paper should follow this outline: area of inquiry, illustration of the problem from existential analytical primary and secondary literature, dealing with the topic and a critical discussion, short summary, bibliography of the literature that has been used.
The paper must be written in such a manner that it is suitable for publication. The paper will be examined by two instructors. Two copies of the approved paper are to be sent to the library of the GLE. There they can be viewed and borrowed by the library users. Approved papers will be mentioned in the journal EXISTENTIAL ANALYSIS. The GLE has the right to publicize papers or parts of papers under the name of the author.
8. Graduation procedures
If all the formal and content criteria of the training regulations have been completed (parts 1-7) the candidate receives his graduation diploma from the GLE. In this document the successful graduation is confirmed.
As proof of the completed requirements the candidate must hand in his study book with all of the received attestations, which was handed out at the beginning of the training. In a final discussion with the candidate the instructors involved will confirm the content criteria mentioned above.
9. Withdrawing from training
The training can be interrupted or quit by the candidate at any time. There are no further financial obligations to the candidate, except for the payment of already consumed training offers. If the interruption takes a long time, it may be necessary to require further obligations for reentry. If the training is interrupted for more than 3 years, it cannot be continued.
The guidelines of the GLE require a premature dismissal of the candidate, only if a continuation will lead to the damaging of the candidate or one/several group participant(s). The surfacing of psychological diseases in rare cases may require such a decision from the training leadership.
In such a case the candidate will be informed about the situation in individual talks and a cessation will be proposed. If a candidate, after repeated talks which include the training leadership, should not decide to break off the training, the instructors will suspend him or her from further participation for a time, if the situation is unbearable. The instructor team as well as the training group will be asked at the nearest possible time for any objections against the dismissal. The candidate can make his or her objections known personally or through the candidate representative. If there are no substantial objections, the candidate, by the decision of the instructor team, can be kept from a further training in the GLE. The candidate will be informed through a written notice.
RECOGNITION AND CERTIFICATION OF THE TRAINING
In many countries, psychotherapy is covered through medical insurance. The legitimization to practice the profession can only be granted by the statutes of the respective country. All rights to practice existential analysis and logotherapy underlie the national laws of the concerned country in which the participant works. They are not an object of liability of the GLE or another instructor.
PREPARATION FOR THE TRAINING
It is useful, prior to the training seminars, to acquire knowledge about existential psychotherapy, existential analysis and logotherapy. We particularly recommend the book: FRANK V.E.: Man’s search for meaning.
APPLICATION
To apply for the admission worldwide:
Send an e-mailindicating
a) either your interestfor the introductory seminar
b) or send the application formif you are already decided and want to reserve a place.
To: alfried.laengle@existenzanalyse.org
For any questions you may contact directly Alfried Längle
For those interested to participate in Canada please send your interest to:
Derrick Klaassen, Ph.D, email: dklaassen@existentialanalysis.ca
2. After having shown your definite interest in the training program and sent in the application form you will be informed about the possible dates for the admission interview.
For the introductory seminar the admission interview (and the final decision for the whole training) is not yet needed. Nevertheless this seminar already forms part of the training. It is also good for those who are not yet decided or who want only to improve or refresh their existential knowledge. It provides an overview of existential psychotherapy, an introduction into existential anthropology, existential motivation and existential analytical practice (basic attitudes) and a basic method.
3. After being accepted in the individual admission session the reservation in the group becomes definite by an advanced payment of the first seminar. This is the only advanced payment required to know the exact number of participants at this time; the payment will be balanced at the seminar.
WEEKEND- OR BLOCKFORM
a) weekend course (2-4 days a month), or
b) a block course (4-6 days as a block)
Every study year includes 18 seminar days which split up as follows:
a) weekend form: 3 – 5 x 2 days and 1 – 2 x 3 days and 1 – 2 x 4 days
b) block form 3 x 6 days or (2 x 4) + (2 x 5) days.
INSTRUCTOR TEAM
The instructor team of the GLE-International presently includes about 100 teaching therapists and supervisors.
The leader of the training in the English speaking countries is Alfried Längle, M.D., Ph.D., Vienna.
STUDY PROGRAM (SEMINAR UNITS)
The study program of the theoretical part includes 470 hours. These hours are divided up as follows:
- Theory of healthy and psychopathological personality development 100 hours
- Methods and Techniques 130 hours
- Personality- and encounter theory 150 hours
- Psychotherapeutic Literature, (4 hours per 6 day unit) 40 hours
- Literature Reviews for Final Paper 50 hours
In all seminars the transmission of knowledge is the starting point for the development of personal opinion, independent reflection, group studies and discussion.
Thus, encounter is a fundamental element of the training. The training itself is an encounter by dialogue with the topic. Due to availability other speakers and partners for discussion will take part in the training events. The following thematic list serves as an overview and will be varied individually in every group.
Weekend of admission: 17 hours group self experience
1. Introduction to existential analysis
- What is existential analysis (“EA”) and Logotherapy (“LT”)?, Definitions, life with inner consent, areas of application, the structural model of EA, the correlation of EA with LT
- Basic existential theory and the dialogical situation
- Beginning and development of EA and LT, History of thematic development of EA and LT: Freud-Adler-Frankl, recent developments, relationship to major schools of psychotherapy; the cultural-historical background of EA and LT
- Goals of existential analytical training
- The philosophical background of EA and its specific areas of applications
- Understanding and explaining in psychotherapy
- Psychometric tests
- Frankls three dimensional anthropology
- What is a “problem” and what is adequate “help”?
- Introduction to motivation: definitions; psychodynamic and existential dynamics; basic motivational concepts in different schools of psychotherapy; the depth of motivation.
- Literature
2. The existential analytical theory of motivation
- The meaning of helping and its motivation
- Overview of the theory of motivation
- Noodynamics vs. psychodynamics
- The four basic motivations of existence and their implications for motivation: overview of the fundamental personal existential motivations (FM)
- Literature
3. The First Fundamental Motivation (1. FM): World horizon and personal trust
- Being-there as a basic question of existence
- The world as an obstacle for motivation; coping reactions because of insecurity; perseverance
- Acceptance
- Conditions for acceptance: protection, space, security
- Trust, courage; dialogical trust exercises: the “couch method”
- Relationship to one’s body
- Original trust, basic trust, foundation of existence
- Related themes: quietness, truth, faithfulness, power, hope, faith
- Phenomenology
- Literature
4. The Second FM: Life and personal relationship
- Sensing values and desires as a basic question of life
- The obstructed life: coping reactions and loss of life; grief
- Intimacy, desire for relationship
- Conditions for intimacy: 1st FM + positive experience of closeness, time, relationship
- Values, hunger for life
- Emotions
- Basic worth, original relationship, value of life
- Related themes: love, self acceptance, joy, pleasure
- Literature
5. The Third FM: The community and the personal self
- Being oneself and being allowed to be oneself as a basic question of the person
- The lost self; coping reactions due to the loss of self; taking a position
- Valuing
- Conditions for self worth: 1st + 2nd FM, recognition, justification, valuing
- Ethics, superego / public ego
- Personhood, self distance, self transcendence
- Self worth, authenticity, conscience
- Related themes: leisure, respect, dignity
- Literature
6. The 4th FM: Time and existential meaning
- Time and obligations as questions of the meaning of existence
- Obstacles and loss of meaning; coping reactions for loss of meaning; reflection
- Existential turning point: being open for encounter (openness to the world)
- Conditions for the existential turning point: 1st + 2nd + 3rd FM, frame of reference for meaning, time, the will to meaning; method for taking hold of meaning
- Dedication; acting – wishing – wanting; method for strengthening the will
- The teaching of meaning; intervention in crisis; method for altering attitude
- Existence, satisfaction, development, existentialities
- Related themes: religiosity; purpose, setting objectives, existential vacuum
- Literature
7. Therapeutic relationship and therapeutic dialogue
- Therapeutic setting
- Therapeutic relationship in EA, relationship – encounter
- Leading the dialogue – therapeutic dialogue and dealing with resistance
- Therapy versus consulting and accompanying
- Literature
8. Fear, phobia, panic, compulsion; fearful personality disorder
- Nosology and psychopathology
- Phenomenology and the world of experience
- Etiology, dynamics and forms of fear
- Existential analytical understanding
- Fearful personality
- Prophylaxis
- Specific therapy and specific techniques
- Literature
9. Depression, manic depression; depressive personality disorder
- Nosology and psychopathology
- Phenomenology and the world of experience; Grief
- Etiology, dynamics and forms of depression
- Existential analytical understanding
- Depressive personality
- Prophylaxis
- Specific Therapy and specific techniques
- Literature
10. Hysteria, somatic disorders, histrionic personality disorder
- Nosology and psychopathology
- Phenomenology and the world of experience
- etiology, dynamics and forms of hysteria
- Existential analytical understanding
- histrionic personality development
- Prophylaxis
- Specific therapy and specific techniques
- Literature
11. More personality disorders (narcissistic and borderline)
- Nosology and psychopathology
- Phenomenology and the world of experience
- etiology, dynamics and forms of personality disorders
- Existential analytical understanding
- Specific therapy and specific techniques
- Literature
12. Schizophrenic psychoses and paranoid form circle
- Nosology and psychopathology
- Phenomenology and the world of experience
- etiology, dynamics and forms of psychoses
- Existential analytical understanding
- Specific therapy and specific techniques
- Literature
13. The general teaching of relationships
- Love, sexuality, sexuality disorders, couple therapy
- Aggression, violence
- Literature
14. Other disorders
- Addiction
- Drugs, alcohol
- Eating disorders
- Somatic disorder (psychosomatic)
15. More methods and techniques
- Imaginative procedures (existential picturing)
- Existential analytical work on dreams
- Existential analytical group therapy
- Shifting of perspectives
16. General themes for clinical training
- Existential analytical diagnosis
- Healthy – sick: existential analytical psychopathology
- Neurosis – psychoses – personality disorders
- Efficacy in psychotherapy
- Literature